When you quote you must:

• use the exact phrase including punctuation,
• set off the phrase with quotes (" "), and
• reference the phrase properly.

Quoting should be used only:

• when you want to show that someone who is respected in the field agrees with you (authority),
• when it says something in a particularly new or interesting way, or
• when the sentence that you are quoting is an essential part of your argument.

Remember it is important to use quotes sparingly.

It is also important to integrate them properly into your paper.

A quote should:

• make sense
• always be introduced
• flow with the rest of the sentences
• be there for a reason.

Now that you know what quotes are and how you should use them, we are going to look at several examples of quoting.

To get the most out of the next group of slides you should download the pdf file The Fundamental Values of Academic Integrity. All the examples of quotes and paraphrases, except for one, are found in this document.

There is also one quote taken from the University of Manitoba Student Advocacy web page "Cheating, plagiarism and fraud."

The original is:
"Higher Education and society benefit when colleges and universities have standards of integrity that provide the foundation for a vibrant academic life, promote scientific progress, and prepare students for responsible citizenship" (Centre for Academic Integrity, 1999, p. 4).

You could incorporate it into your paper like this:
The Centre for Academic Integrity (1999) states in their policy document that universities and colleges gain when they ensure that they "have standards of integrity that provide the foundation for a vibrant academic life, promote scientific progress, and prepare students for responsible citizenship" (p. 4).

Note where the period at the end of the sentence is - after the citation (p. 4). Note how this quote is integrated into the sentence.

The original is:
"Higher Education and society benefit when colleges and universities have standards of integrity that provide the foundation for a vibrant academic life, promote scientific progress, and prepare students for responsible citizenship" (Centre for Academic Integrity, 1999, p. 4).

You could break up the quote and incorporate it into your paper like this:
When looking at academic integrity in the university setting it is important that the institution also has high "standards of integrity" that will lead to a "vibrant academic life, . . . scientific progress, and [will] prepare students for responsible citizenship" (The Centre for Academic Integrity, 1999, p. 4).

Note: The missing words between academic life and scientific progress are replaced with three dots. Note: The added word "will" is placed in square brackets.

Here is the original quote found on page 9 of the Center for Academic Integrity document:

"Each group needs to uphold [its] own responsibility and do it well, without making excuses, for academic integrity to truly flourish." (Student at CAI Conference)

Here is how it was integrated into a paper:

Academic integrity is an important part of university life. "Each group needs to uphold [its] own responsibility and do it well, without making excuses, for academic integrity to truly flourish" (The Centre for Academic Integrity, 1999, p. 9).

What is wrong with it?

• There is a connection to the previous sentence, but it is not obvious, and the quote is “added on” rather than integrated.
• It does not appear to be quoting someone in authority. The quote was actually from a student, not the Center for Academic Integrity.
• The quote is not properly cited.

Take a look at the quote in its original context by clicking on the link below and looking at page 9. Center for Academic Integrity (http://www.academicintegrity.org/pdf/FVProject.pdf)

Academic integrity is an important part of university life. "Each group needs to uphold [its] own responsibility and do it well, without making excuses, for academic integrity to truly flourish" (The Centre for Academic Integrity, 1999, p. 9).

Who made this statement? A reader could very easily conclude that this statement was made by the Center for Academic Integrity. Was it?

 Yes
 No

Citing your sources is important in all contexts, even in the lecture hall. Students can learn a great deal about how to cite sources if their professors actively demonstrate citation. A student at an academic integrity conference commented that “[s]eeing faculty members cite the work of their colleagues sets a good example for members of the class” (The Centre for Academic Integrity, 1999, p.8).

Is this an appropriate use of a quote in a passage?

 Yes
 No

Citing your sources is important in all contexts, by all members of the academic community. In fact some professors "are very good about citing sources for their lecture" (The Center for Academic Integrity, 1999, p. 8).

Is this an appropriate use of a quote in a passage?

 Yes
 No

Many students give into peer pressure. "Being responsible means taking action against wrongdoing, despite peer pressure, fear, loyalty, or compassion" (p. 10). "[S]tudents have an obligation to act in a fair and reasonable manner toward their peers, the faculty, staff, administration and the physical property of the University" (The University of Manitoba, n.d., para. 2).

Is this an appropriate use of a quote in a passage?

 Yes
 No